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C. J. VAN DBPOELE.

ELECTRIC ARG LAMP.

Patented Aug. 8, 1882.

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(No Model.)

ELECTRIC ARG LAMP.

Patented Aug. 8, 1882.

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ATTORNEY.

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GllARLiJS J. VAN DEPOELE, OF EETROT, llilClllGAN.

SFECFICATION forming part of Letters Patent Il'o. 52,333, dated August 8, 1882,

Applieationeiilcd August lf2, 1380. (Xoniodel.)

To all whom 'it may concern:

Bc it known that l, Unai-Lus J. TAN Bu- POELE, of Detroit, in the county ot' Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented an lmprovement in Electric-Arc Lamps and a System of Electric Lighting, of which the following is a specication.

rlhe nature of my inven tion relates to certain new and useful improvements in the construction ot' that class ot' electric lamps wherein two carbon points are employed, and in a system ofelectrie lighting by means olwhich the light is made perfectly steady and easy ot' ina-nagement, while at the same time an unlimited number oil' lamps may successfully be put in circuit, giving a result heretofore unattainable by any known system.

rlhe invention consists in the novel construction ofthe lamp, its operation, and connections, as more fully hereinafter described.

Figure l is a vertical sectional elevation ot' my lamp. Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross-section through the line X X, Fig. l. Fig. 8 is an eularged perspective view of the magnets and clamp for the upper carbon. Fig. e is a detail sectional view with the magnet A and its connections ot' Fig. l removed. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the passage ot the derived current through the vibrator-magnets, and Fig. 6 is a diagram showing how isochronous vibrations are produced in all the lamps in the circuit by a derived or separate current.

In the drawings, A represents an electromagnct, and K K a pair of electro-magnets, all included in the same circuit, and through which is passed an intermittent current by a derived or a separate wire, said intermittent current passing through the magnets independent oic the main current, which passes through the carhons to produce the light. rlhe magnet A is provided with an armature, B, attached to the spring C, which supports thc lower-carbon holder a and the lower carbon, and has aconstant upward tension when not held down by the electro-magnets or the weight of the carhons. The spring is secured at one end to a simple post, D, by a screw, and has its other end arranged above a second post, D, forming the. core ofthe electro-magnet D" included in the main or light-giving circuit.

E are spring contacts, which will he more fully hereinafter described.

F is the metal frame of the lamp, carrying at its top the tube ll, preferablyof'brass, which incluses the upper carbon point, b.

E' is the base to which the device is attached.

rr proper connection being made with abattory, dynamo-machine, or other source ot'electricity, the carbons will 'become incandescent at their points and will emita weal; light, but as soon as the vibrators (hereinafterexplained) are put into operation the light becomes powerful and steady, as the arc appears at every impulse of the vibrator and continues as long as the current and the vibrations are kept up and the carbons last, said vibrations being so rapid that the temporary weakening ot' the light caused at each vibration by the approach ot' the carbons to each other is imperceptible. rlhemain (light) currentpasses from the binding-post F (see Fig. e) to the frame F at l, through said 'frame and tube H to the upper carbon, to and through the lower carbon to the spring C, from the spring to the post 1),and thence bythe wire c from the point 2 to the electro-magnet D" at 3, and through said electro-magnet to the post O. The upper carbon is attached to cross-bar D, 'which is pivotally connected to the cores ot' the magnets K and slides in vertical slots in the tube U. he poles c of the electro-magnets K li are semicircular in form, so as to nearly embrace the tube H, but not touch each other, so that when the current is passing through. the magnets the poles will move toward each other and clamp against the tube. Hence when the intermittent currentis passed through the magnets the poles c will alteruately clamp the magnets and carbon to the tube and let them fall. As the same intermittent current also passes through the magnet A, it will be seen that as the poles c clamp against the tube H and hold the upper carbon stationary the spring U, by the action of the magnet A, lowers the lower carbon and produces the arc, and when the current stops momentarily the spring and lower carbon rise and the clamping device of the upper carbon releases its hold upon the tube and allows said upper carbon to fall as fast as it is consumed.

The electro-magnet D" is for the purpose ot making a short circuit through the lamp when the carbons are consumed or inactive, s0

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as not tointcrrupt other lamps in the same circuit. To understand the action of this electro-magnet Dll in relation to the spring@ and contacts E, we will suppose that the top carbon is removed or consumed from one lamp of a series, while it is necessary that the other lamps in the series should be kept in operation. On removing said carbon the light-current is broken and prevented from passing from the frame F to the lower carbon and the magnet D", and this dcmagnetizes the magnet D and allows the spring C, relieved both from y the weight of the carbon and the inliuence of the magnet D", to rise and come in contact with the contact-points E E. (See Fig. 4.) This movement of the spring allows the main current to make a short circuit from the frame F through the contacts EZE E and wire Wto post O.

The intermittent current through the magnets A K, for feeding, is produced as follows: Iart of the current is shunted from the main current at the post P 'by the wire i, from which it passes to the spring-contact Iand spring J, carrying the armature L, through the wire M to the magnet A, from the magnet A by wire V to the magnet K, from the magnet K by the wire V to the post D, and through said post and the wire c and magnet D'", or the spring C, contacts E, and wire W, tothe post 0. The portion of the main current diverted through the magnets A K excites ysaid magnets K, lifts the armature L of the spring J, and interrupts the current between J and I. At every contact between J and I the armature B will be drawn down and the poles e of the magnets K drawn together; and at every break the armature, obeying the spring C, will rise and the poles e -e loosen their grasp, so that the lower carbon will follow or vibrate with every pulsation communicated to the armature B. The rapidity of the pulsations can be regulated by sliding the spring contact J nearer to or farther from the armature L, the spring I being adjustably secured to the base to allow ot' this movement.

Instead of having a separate interrupter at each lamp for producing the intermittent current, all the lamps in the circuit can be connected by a separate conducting-wire, tb rough which an intermittent current is caused to pass by single circuit breaker or interrupter, which may be located either in the line or in one of the lamps, said separate wire being connected to the lamps by the posts P and N, having direct connections with the magnets A K.

Reference to Fig. 7 will render it perfectly clear how the vibrations are made isochronous in all the lamps.

G represents a battery or generator having poles P4 and N4 properly connected with the lamps in circuit. The passage of the current will cause the carbon points to give a weak light, requiring great power, considering the amount of light emitted, and, as the current is only passing through the carbon, they will remain in contact and continue to give but little light. As, however, the top and bottom feeding-magnets are wound with conductors of the proper resistance, and are connected from lamp to lamp by aseparate line, commencing at A4 and terminating at B?, the current being interrupted at B by the magnetic vibrator M', the current passing through all the lamps and magnets will render the action of all the lamps isochronous, and all will emit light of the same power.

Instead of using a derived circuit, as shown in the iigure just described, an entirely separate current may be used to produce the vibrations or the separation of the carbons.

What I claim is- 1. In an elect-ric lamp, the combination, with the upper and lower carbons and the magnets for operating said carbons, of means for sending a steady current through the carbons and` a separate intermittent current through the magnets, and a spring supporting thelower carbon and constructed to close a short circuit when the steady current is interrupted, substantially as described.

2. In an electric la'mp,the combination, with the upper and lower carbons, of means for sending a steady current through said carbons, the electric magnet D, the spring C, supporting the lower carbon, a circuit-breaker, E, and suitable electric circuits between the parts named and the terminal connections, substantially as described.

3. In an electric lamp, the combinaton, with the upper and lower carbons included in the main steady circuit, as described, of a separate electro magnet or magnets for operating each carbon, a spring supporting the lower carbon, an armature secured to said spring, and means for causing an intermittent current to pass through the magnets of both carbons, substantially as described.

4. In an electric lamp, the combination,with two carbons included in a steady main circuit, as described, of means for lrapidly vibrating one of said carbons and feeding either carbon toward the other by a separate or derived circuit, substantially as set forth.

5. In an electric lamp, the combination, with the upper and lower carbons, of a magnet or magnets for each carbon, and means for simul taneously sending' au intermittent current through said magnets, whereby the lower magnet will receive a rapid vibration and the upper magnet be allowed to fall gradually, substantially as described.

6. In an electric lamp, the combination, with the lower carbon and means for rapidly vibrating said lower carbon, of the upper carbon and a device for rapidlyr and alternately clamping and releasing said upper carbon, substantially as described. I

7. In an electric lamp, the combination, with a vibrating lower carbon, of an upper carbon, a clamping device to support and release said carbon, an electro magnet or magnets for operating the clamping device, and suitable means for sending an intermittent current IOO IIO

through said magnet or magnets, substantially as described.

S. In an electric lamp, the combinatiomwith the lower carbon, ot' the upper carbon, the support H, the magnets K K, armatures e e, embracing the support, and suitable means for sending an intermittent current through said magnets, substantially as described.

9. In an electric lamp, the combination, with the lower carbon, of the upper carbon, the slotted tubular support H, the elect-romagn'ets K, having armatures e e to embrace the support H, the bar d, carrying the upper carbon and magnets, and means for sending an intermittent current through said magnets, substantially as described.

10. ln an electro-magnet, the combination of the lower carbon, spring C, armature B, 

